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Lockhart, Wilfred C. Anglais
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Wilfred C. Lockhart Papers

  • CA UWA IN-16; 90-
  • Fonds
  • 1954 - 1973

Wilfred C. Lockhart (1906-1991) served as the Principal of United College in Winnipeg from 1955 to 1967, and subsequently served as the President of the University of Winnipeg until his retirement in 1971. Under his tenure the United College’s downtown campus underwent tremendous growth and transformation with the construction of several new buildings.
The Crowe Case (as it has become known) is one of the most significant events in the history of United College, and in the history of academic freedom in Canada. In March 1958, Lockhart anonymously received through the mail a letter that was addressed from Harry S. Crowe--a tenured history professor on academic leave--to his fellow United College professor William (Vilijo) Packer of the German department. Lockhart was deeply offended by the contents of the letter, which he viewed as highly disrespectful and disparaging of United College, its principles and many of its faculty. Lockhart sent a letter to Crowe stating that he had received and kept the letter and suggested that Crowe find employment elsewhere. Crowe, angry that Lockhart received, read and kept his private letter, refused to resign. Increasingly bitter and hostile negotiations between the College and Crowe began. Both Lockhart and Crowe gained detractors and supporters, and United College became extremely divided. The incident soon garnered massive amounts of attention, and not only from United College’s faculty, administration, and students—who signed petitions for both sides and picketed outside of the College for Crowe’s reinstatement--, but also garnered national attention from other universities, and extensive media coverage. The newly formed, and never tested, Canadian Association of University Teachers (CAUT) was charged with investigating the matter. As the investigation wore on, Lockhart submitted a letter of resignation to the Board of Regents and explained in his letter that he felt he was unable to continue his post due to the constant “vicious, personal attacks” on his morals and character he had received during the Crowe Case. However, the Board did not accept his resignation, and the “Carry-on, Dr. Lockhart Committee” was formed and collected signed postcards sent from hundreds of Lockhart’s supporters. The Board of Regents fired Crowe in September 1958, and three professors (Reid, McNaught and Stingle) resigned in protest. The CAUT, however, concluded their investigation and recommended that Crowe be reinstated, but while Crowe was reinstated the three professors who had resigned were not. Ultimately, sixteen faculty members resigned from United College in protest, and the Crowe Case left a lasting impression on the College. The Crowe Case galvanized the newly formed Canadian Association of University Teachers, and marked the first time that university teachers nationally defended and investigated the academic freedom and tenure concerns of their colleague. It remains one of the most significant cases of academic freedom and tenure in Canada.

The papers have been arranged into five series, which include photographs; correspondence related to the Crowe Case; newspaper clippings on the Crowe Case; Lockhart’s incoming and outgoing correspondence about the Crowe Case; and Lockhart’s incoming and outgoing correspondence from 1961 to 1973, which relate to his work as principal. The first series is a photograph album, containing photographs and pamphlets from 1956 to c. 1963. These photographs relate to United College’s building fund in the late 1950s and early 1960s, which saw the construction of several new buildings on United College’s downtown campus. There are 18 photographs, mostly of campus buildings, including University College’s gym, Manitoba Hall, Riddell Hall, Ashdown Hall, Graham Hall, and Wesley Hall. As well as pictures of students in science labs and in the theatre, and unidentified and identified faculty of United College, including Professor Victor Leathers, Principal Lockhart, and Professor Eagle.
The second series includes correspondence related to the Crowe Case, and documents obtained by CAUT during their investigation, and are dated from 1954 to 1959. The series includes incoming and outgoing letters from Crowe, the Board of Colleges and Secondary Schools, the Board of Regents, various professors, Lockhart, law firms, students, and the United Church Observer. The content of the correspondence in the first folder of the series includes discussions on petitions from faculty and students, Crowe’s return to United College, Crowe’s termination, salary disputes, legal rights, Crowe’s claim that Lockhart illegally retained and photostated a private letter, The 1940 Statement of Principles on Academic Freedom and Tenure, CAUT, academic freedom, religious opinion, and protest resignations. The second folder contains a copy of Crowe’s original letter, the initial correspondence between Crowe and Lockhart, and the negotiations between Crowe and the Board. The third file contains correspondence between CAUT and the Board, meeting summaries and minutes on Crowe-Regent negotiations, and several statements from the parties involved, including students, faculty members, the Board, and Lockhart.
The third series contains photocopies of newspaper clippings covering the Crowe Case from November 1957 to October 1959.
The fourth series contains Lockhart’s incoming and outgoing correspondence from 1954 to 1959. The first folder contains incoming correspondence to Lockhart from July 1954 to May 1955, and mainly concerns his appointment as Principal of United College. The remaining files contain Lockhart’s incoming and outgoing correspondence from April 1958 to October 1959, and are almost exclusively letters supporting Lockhart in the Crowe Case, and as Principal.
The fifth series contains Lockhart’s incoming and outgoing correspondence from 1961 to 1973 and relates to his work as United College’s Principal. The correspondence includes letters of reference, condolence letters, investigation of student concerns, and student scholarships and financial aid.

Sans titre

Oral History

This series contains five audio recordings pertaining to the life of Wilfred Lockhart and his brother Fraser. Tape A1 (“Conversation with Wilf and Wendy, May 1991”) takes the form of Wendy Duncan (Wilfred Lockhart’s daughter) interviewing Lockhart about his early years, and Tape A2 (“Wilf Reminisces, May 1991 and August 1991”) contains Lockhart’s continued reminiscing about similar subject matter. Tape B1 (“#1 Wilf and Fraser, Jan. 15 1991; Side 2 Wilfred Lockhart”) and Tape B2 (“#3 Wilf and Fraser”) contain recordings of Wilfred Lockhart interviewing his older brother Fraser about his life and the two reminiscing. Tape C (“Wilfred Lockhart, Dec. 1990”) contains a recording made by Wilfred Lockhart sent in lieu of a telephone call from his winter holiday in Florida – the recording was presumably intended for a family member and contains commentary on his childhood and life. All five tapes are estimated to run 90 minutes in duration and are copies of original cassette tapes.

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Miscellanea

This series contains various documents spanning Lockhart’s life and career that could not be appropriately placed elsewhere within the order that has been imposed. This folder includes biographical material associated with Lockhart and private documents such as legal and medical papers. The series also includes more common forms of documentation including several programs, a number of Rotary addresses, publications by various Christian Missions groups and more than a dozen newspaper clippings.

Sans titre

Writing Projects

This series consists of three lengthy writing projects of Lockhart. One of these is his autobiography, two drafts of which are in the collection. The second is his published history of the Norway Point church. The third is a draft of a document entitled “Transition from College to University.”

Sans titre

Personal Correspondence

This series contains personal correspondence sent to and by Lockhart. Included are letters from family and friends as well as from various churches, schools and institutions. Sympathy cards pertaining to Lockhart’s illness in 1968 and death in 1991 are found in this series, as are a series of letters regarding a financial investment of Lockhart’s that incurred legal proceedings in 1983.

Sans titre

Council on Higher Learning

This series contains documents pertaining to Lockhart’s participation in the Council on Higher Learning. Meeting minutes, papers presented at Council meetings and assessments of Manitoba’s Colleges and University are interspersed by correspondence. Many of the documents are photocopies of originals.

Sans titre

University and Education

This series consists of documents detailing Lockhart’s life as a student in Canada and in Scotland, his position in the Student Christian Movement and his involvement with Victoria University as a graduate and a member of the alumni.

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United College – University of Winnipeg Series

This series contains documents pertaining to Lockhart’s hiring as Principal of United College, work as Principal of United College and later President of University of Winnipeg, involvement in the Crowe Case, retirement as President of the University of Winnipeg and continuing relationship with the University after his retirement. It also contains documentation of Lockhart’s roles outside United College and University of Winnipeg between 1954 and 1973.

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Ministry

This series contains documents pertaining to Lockhart’s career as a minister in the United Church. It includes sermon transcripts from various occasions, documents used when preparing sermons, publications clarifying the doctrine of the United Church and certificates and licenses. It includes documents specifically relating to Sherbourne St. United Church and Kingsway-Lambton United Church, as well as documents pertaining to Lockhart’s position as Moderator.

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Wilfred C. Lockhart Fonds

  • CA UCA Acc: 2008-33, 2011-27, ID# 3268
  • Fonds
  • 1924 - 1992

The fonds contains the surviving records of Wilfred C. Lockhart. It includes material relating to his work as a United Church minister and Moderator (1926-1991), principal of United College and President of the University of Winnipeg (1938-1990). It also includes material pertaining to his work as a student at Victoria College, Emmanuel College and the University of Edinburgh (1924-1989) as well as his work as a member of the Council on Higher Learning (1961-1969). Published works by Lockhart, as well as personal and private documents (1933-1992), are also contained in the collection. Five cassette tapes containing conversations and reminiscences by Lockhart with members of his family can be found within the collection as well (1990-1991). The collection has been arranged by subject, with the material within each subject arranged chronologically where possible.

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